Stainless Steel 321
Material Type
Metal
Material Name
Stainless Steel 321
Alternative Names
1.4541 | X6CrNiTi18-10 | S32100
Process Compatibility
CNC Milling, CNC Turning
Stainless Steel 321 in CNC Machining
Stainless Steel 321 is a strong and heat-resistant stainless steel. It contains titanium, which helps prevent rusting and cracking at high temperatures. This makes it useful in aerospace, automotive, and industrial heating systems.
When machining Stainless Steel 321, use carbide tools with special coatings to extend tool life. Water-based coolants help control heat and prevent hardening. Adjust cutting speeds and feeds to match the material's toughness. Secure the workpiece to reduce vibration and improve cutting precision. Deburring and surface finishing may be needed after machining. Regular tool checks and proper maintenance keep the process smooth.
Compared to Stainless Steel 304 and 316, Stainless Steel 321 is better for high temperatures. Unlike 316, it does not have molybdenum, so it is not as resistant to saltwater or chlorides. However, its high-temperature strength makes it a preferred choice for welding and heat-intensive applications.
Properties Table of Stainless Steel 321
| Mechanical Properties | |
|---|---|
| Ultimate Tensile Strength (UTS) | 515-750 MPa |
| Yield Strength (0.2% offset) | 205-275 MPa |
| Young's Modulus | 193 GPa |
| Elongation at Break | 40% (min) |
| Physical Properties | |
| Corrosion Resistance | Excellent, especially in high-temperature applications |
| Magnetism | Non-magnetic in annealed condition |
| UV Resistance | Excellent |
| Weldability | Excellent, requires stabilized filler metals |
| Thermal Properties | |
| Maximum Service Temperature | 870-925°C |
| Thermal Expansion Coefficient | 16.5 x 10^-6/ºC |
| Thermal Conductivity | 15.9 W/(m⋅°C) |
| Electrical Property | |
| Electrical Resistivity | 72 μΩ*cm |
Basic Knowledge of Stainless Steel 321
What is Stainless Steel 321?
Stainless Steel 321 is a heat-resistant stainless steel with titanium, which prevents corrosion and cracking at high temperatures. It outperforms Stainless Steel 304 in heat-intensive environments.
Titanium stops chromium carbide formation, reducing corrosion when heated between 425°C and 815°C, that’s why it is ideal for welding and high-heat applications. While heat-resistant, it lacks molybdenum, so it is less corrosion-resistant than Stainless Steel 316 in salty or chemical environments. For continuous high heat, Stainless Steel 321 is the better choice.
Advantages of Stainless Steel 321
- Resistant to cracking at high temperatures
- Strong and durable under heat stress
- Easy to weld without extra heat treatment
- Non-magnetic in normal conditions
- Long-lasting and recyclable
- Superior oxidation resistance
- Good resistance to intergranular corrosion
Applications of Stainless Steel 321
- Aerospace engine parts
- Heat exchangers
- Furnace parts
- Exhaust manifolds and turbochargers
- Chemical processing equipment
- Automotive catalytic converters
- High-temperature steam pipes
Machining Stainless Steel 321 Buying FAQs
Other Materials
Stainless Steel 316
Stainless Steel 316, also known as marine-grade stainless steel, is a popular material in CNC machining due to its good mechanical properties
Stainless Steel 304
Stainless Steel 304 is a commonly used material in CNC machining. It is known for its corrosion resistance and mechanical properties.
Stainless Steel 17-4 PH
Stainless steel 17-4 PH is a strong and durable alloy that can be hardened through aging at different temperatures.
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