Aerospace CNC Machining: The Ultimate Guide

Aerospace is one of the most critical and versatile fields which comprises a range of components. The components used in the different applications of aerospace require high precision and accuracy which is attained through CNC machining. If you are looking forward to learning about aerospace CNC machining you can read this guide below:

What is Aerospace CNC Machining?

Aerospace CNC machining comprises manufacturing components used for aerospace applications using computer-aided tools. It comprises computerized software that makes the tools move according to the programming code and such movements lead to required cuts and shapes.

The aerospace industry requires very delicate and intricate components with tight tolerances and no margin for error. Hence, the parts used in aerospace are produced in high volume using CNC machining.

Importance of Precision in the Aerospace Industry

Aerospace is highly dependent on precision machining as it needs components that are equipped with high production standards. The aerospace industry requires tolerance, performance, and dimensions that are highly accurate so that during flight no issue occurs.

In case of a single imperfection in the component, a massive loss of money and lives could take place due to safety risks. Hence, aircraft components need to be produced quickly as well as accurately to meet the demands of the market.

The CNC machining process is suitable for the aerospace industry because at first, it can create prototypes and if they are appropriate they can work with various types and grades of materials. Moreover, the tolerance levels created in components up to 0.005 mm can be designed by CNC machining. Hence, CNC machining proves to be a highly suitable process for aerospace components.

CNC Machining Processes for Aerospace Parts

CNC machining processes for aerospace components comprise the two techniques which are given below:

Precision CNC Milling

The process of precision CNC milling is basically a multi-axis machining process. The tool in this machine moves in the X, Y, and Z axes in linear form and the A and B axes in rotational form. The process helps in creating components that have intricate geometry and shapes.

When it comes to aerospace parts using CNC milling could be suitable as it works in 5 different directions and the workpiece can gain highly precise features. It helps machining at very high speed and components like transmission systems, landing gear, and electrical components used in aerospace are manufactured using CNC milling.

Precision CNC Turning

CNC machining of aerospace parts can also be carried out through CNC turning. It is a subtractive process that consists of removing material from the workpiece so that the required shape can be achieved. It produces components by holding the bars of material and rotating the tool.

The process of CNC precision turning is a process that offers intricate components. It is most commonly used in manufacturing cylindrical shapes in aerospace components like shafts, fasteners, threads, etc.

Benefits of Using CNC Machining for Aerospace Parts

Aerospace machined components are equipped with multiple advantages and some of these comprise the following:

Lightweight Components

Weight is a very crucial aspect in aerospace applications and the components used in aircraft need to be lightweight. CNC machining helps create lightweight aerospace components. Moreover, these components are also strength-oriented.

Minimal Error Chances

The chance of dimensional errors in the components manufactured using traditional methods is very high because they involve human intervention. However, in the CNC machining process, the human intervention is almost zero because the entire process is automated.

Moreover, CNC machining is popular for its precision and tight tolerance, hence the components manufactured using this process offer high performance due to no errors in dimensions.

High Precision and Accuracy

CNC machining offers consistency and high accuracy, CNC machining in the aerospace industry produces parts that are suitable for aircraft and hence offer accuracy. Therefore the chances of failure on the part of the component are very minimal ensuring a secure experience.

Efficiency and Uniformity

CNC machining offers efficiency in the manufacturing process when components are manufactured for aerospace. The process being an automated one has a faster speed which reduces manufacturing time also, the components are consistent. The accuracy of the manufacturing ensures minimal weight and the parts have dimensional accuracy across the entire batch.

Surface Finishes for Aircraft Parts in CNC Machining

After CNC machining aerospace parts, surface finishing may be required which enhances the functionality and aesthetics of the part. Some of these surface finishing options for aircraft components are given below:

Anodizing

The process of anodizing is composed of immersing the component into an electrolyte solution. It helps to create a uniform layer of oxide on the surface of the part. The layer added to the aerospace component offers corrosion resistance.

Passivation

Passivation is a process of surface finishing which is commonly used in the aerospace industry. It helps to enhance the functionality and quality of the aircraft parts. It eliminates the impurities and roughness from the CNC machined component which causes issues with the performance. It also improves the corrosion resistance of the component making the need of maintenance less frequent.

Polishing

The process of polishing is suitable for aerospace components. It is a very simple process that adds to the smoothness of the components. The process of polishing increases the durability of the material, even reducing the chances of cracking the part. However, it is an expensive process and takes a lot of time.

Powder Coating

Powder coating offers a metallic finish on the components of aerospace applications. It offers durability and functional diversity. The powder coating components also offer resistance against fading and scratches. Also, there is a choice of multiple colors which can be opted for powder coating and it adds flexibility to the process.

Applications of Aerospace CNC Machining

The applications of aerospace machining are quite diverse and some of these are:

Valve Components

The valve components are small in size and have widespread applications in aerospace. These components when manufactured using CNC machining offer parts that are effective and accurate.

Electrical Connectors

Aircraft’s electrical system comprises many important components which are manufactured using CNC machining. The electrical system needs lightweight components and that can be achieved through CNC machining.

Shaft and Oxygen Generation Parts

The role played by shafts in aerospace applications is very important, especially in power transmission, hence CNC machining improves the production of components that are heat resistant. Moreover, the oxygen generation safety systems are lightweight and temperature resistant which can be achieved by CNC machining.

Conclusion

Efficiency in aerospace applications can be attained by aerospace precision machining for manufacturing components. These components are very crucial and hence no negligence or errors can be tolerated which makes CNC machining the most suitable process. DEK offers precise CNC machined components for aerospace customized based on your preferences, so contact us today.

FAQs

What surface finishes can DEK provide for CNC aircraft parts?

We offer multiple options for surface finishing which consist of anodizing, powder coating, polishing, etc.

Why use 5-axis CNC Machining aerospace parts?

5-axis CNC machine cut workpieces by moving in 3 linear and 2 rotary axes, enabling precision machining of complex geometries and large parts to meet the tight tolerances and accuracy required by the aerospace industry.