Stainless Steel 416

Stainless Steel 416 is a martensitic stainless steel known for its excellent machinability— thanks to its sulfur content.

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Machined stainless steel 416 collet ring part on workshop table

1.4005
X12CrS13
S41600

440-580 MPa

Ultimate Tensile Strength
275-345 MPa

Yield Strength
200 GPa

Young's Modulus(Elasticity)
7-25 %

Elongation at Break

At a Glance

Material Type
Metal
Material Name
Stainless Steel 416
Alternative Names
1.4005 | X12CrS13 | S41600
Process Compatibility
CNC Milling, CNC Turning

Properties Table of Stainless Steel 416

Properties

Ultimate Tensile Strength 440-580 MPa
Yield Strength 275-345 MPa
Young's Modulus(Elasticity) 200 GPa
Elongation at Break 7-25%
Physical Properties
Corrosion Resistance Moderate
Magnetism Magnetic
Weldability Poor
Thermal Properties
Maximum Service Temperature 675-760 °C
Thermal Expansion Coefficient 9.9-11.7 x 10^-6/°C
Thermal Conductivity 24.9-28.7 W/(m·°C)
Electrical Properties
Electrical Resistivity 57 μΩ*cm

Applications of Stainless Steel 416

Screws
Bolts
Gears
Firearm barrels
Firearm receivers
Valve components
Food processing equipment
Pump shafts

Advantages of Stainless Steel 416

Corrosion resistant
Excellent machinability
Maintains strength at high temperatures
Good wear resistance
Hardenable through heat treatment
Resistant to various chemicals
Martensitic structure for strength
Easy to fabricate
Low maintenance

Raw Stock

CNC Machined

Finished Parts

Stainless Steel 416 — Machining Notes

Stainless Steel 416 in C
is Stainless Steel 416?

Stainless Steel 416 in CNC Machining

Stainless Steel 416 is a martensitic stainless steel known for its excellent machinability— thanks to its sulfur content.

Composed of around 86% iron, 12-14% chromium, and trace amounts of manganese, phosphorus, and sulfur, it’s widely used in CNC machining processes. This steel is suitable for high-speed machining operations, producing consistent chip formation. Before machining, annealing is often performed, and post-machining heat treatment can enhance mechanical properties. While it offers good corrosion resistance in mild environments, it falls short compared to austenitic stainless steel.

Common applications include screws, bolts, nuts, and pump shafts. Successful machining requires using cutting tools with a positive rake angle, maintaining proper cutting speeds, and using coolants for heat dissipation. Although its weldability is limited, proper preheating and post-weld heat treatment can be applied. Achieving a good surface finish is possible with proper machining techniques.

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What is Stainless Steel 416?

Stainless Steel 416 belongs to the martensitic stainless steel family. It is known for its strength and hardness. With a chromium content ranging from 13-18%, it provides reasonable corrosion resistance, though not as high as some other stainless steel types.

The distinctive feature of 416 is the addition of sulfur, significantly improving its machinability. While it can be heat treated for increased hardness and strength, care must be taken to avoid compromising its corrosion resistance.

Stainless steel 416 is not suitable for anodizing but can undergo various post-treatment processes, including cold and hot working, annealing, tempering, and hardening. These treatments contribute to enhancing the material’s properties and performance.

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FAQ

Is 416 ss better than 316 ss?

Stainless Steel 416 is cheaper and has higher machinability than Stainless Steel 316. However, Stainless Steel 316 is better for marine and chemical processing due to superior corrosion resistance.

Is 416 stainless steel good for knives?

Yes, 416 stainless steel is often used for knife blades due to its combination of good corrosion resistance and high machinability.

Can you weld 416 stainless?

416 stainless steel is challenging to weld, but it can be done by preheating to 200-300 °C and subsequent re-hardening and annealing at 650-675 °C. Consider using Alloy 410 low hydrogen electrodes for welding if required.

Does 416 stainless steel rust?

416 stainless steel has good corrosion resistance, but it is not entirely rust-proof. 400 series martensitic stainless alloys like 416 and 440C may exhibit slight rust, while 300 series austenitic alloys with nickel, in addition to chromium, are rust-resistant.